TOS 1 BURATINO HEAVY FLAME THROWER SYSTEM
ТОС-1
TOS-1 Buratino
Type MRL
Place of origin Soviet Union / Russia
Service history
Used by
Soviet Union, Russian Federation
Wars
Soviet-Afghan War, Second Chechen War
Production history
Designer Omsk Transmash Design Bureau
Specifications
Weight 46 t (101,411 lbs)
Length 9.5 m (31 ft 2 in)
Width 3.6 m (11 ft 10 in)
Height 2.22 m (7 ft 3 in)
Crew 3
Caliber 220 mm (8.66 in)
Rate of fire 30 rounds/15 s
Effective range 500–3,500 m (547–3,828 yds)
Engine Diesel
840 hp (626.39 kW)
TOS-1 (Russian: ТОС-1 тяжёлая огнемётная система, English: Heavy Flame Thrower System) is a Soviet 30-barrel multiple rocket launcher and thermobaric weapon mounted on a T-72 tank chassis. TOS-1 was designed for defeating enemy personnel in fortifications, in open country, and in lightly armoured vehicles and transport. First combat tests took place in Panjshir Valley during the Soviet war in Afghanistan.
Development
The idea of a heavy short-range MLRS to launch rockets equipped with incendiary and thermobaric warheads arose in late 1970s. The combat system consisting of the combat vehicle, rockets, and loading vehicle was developed in early 1980s at KBTM in Omsk and was named TOS-1, remaining a secret development for a long time.
The TOS-1 is intended to engage military personnel, equipment, and buildings, including fortified constructions. The combat vehicle acts within the combat order of infantry and tanks. The large mass of the launcher and the need for a high-level of protection (due to the relatively short range of 400/600 m to 5,000 m) helped determine the use of the chassis of the T-72 main battle tank. The reloading vehicle was built on the chassis of a cross-country truck and equipped with a crane for loading/unloading of the launcher.
The idea of a heavy short-range MLRS to launch rockets equipped with incendiary and thermobaric warheads arose in late 1970s. The combat system consisting of the combat vehicle, rockets, and loading vehicle was developed in early 1980s at KBTM in Omsk and was named TOS-1, remaining a secret development for a long time.
The TOS-1 is intended to engage military personnel, equipment, and buildings, including fortified constructions. The combat vehicle acts within the combat order of infantry and tanks. The large mass of the launcher and the need for a high-level of protection (due to the relatively short range of 400/600 m to 5,000 m) helped determine the use of the chassis of the T-72 main battle tank. The reloading vehicle was built on the chassis of a cross-country truck and equipped with a crane for loading/unloading of the launcher.
The nickname Buratino matches the name of the hero of a Russian version of a Pinocchio-style tale (by Alexey Tolstoy), because of the big "nose" of the launcher, but the name essentially meaning "heavy flame throwing merry wooden boy" is somewhat ironic and sometimes used for comedic purposes in Russia.
Sumber :
http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/TOS-1
